Oxalis 'Iron Cross' care

The four-leaf clover has been a symbol of luck for centuries. According to tradition, each leaf represents something: the first hope, the second faith, the third love, and the fourth luck. The Irish are content with the three-leaf clover, which is also the national symbol. Although superstition says only a naturally found four-leaf clover brings luck, those who love the plant can still decorate their garden with it.

The Oxalis tetraphylla, which imitates the four-leaf clover and can be kept as a houseplant, is available in flower shops. Belonging to the Oxalidaceae family, the so-called lucky clover or clover flower (Oxalis tetraphylla) is actually a type of Oxalis and has nothing to do with the true four-leaf clover. It is a plant native to the subtropical savannas of Mexico. However, its appearance is similar to the four-leaf clover, which is why it is a popular gift, especially around New Year's Eve.

Introduction to Oxalis 'Iron Cross'

Oxalis tetraphylla 'Iron Cross' grows 2 - 6 inches (8 - 15 cm) tall. It only has basal leaves. Its base is bulbous, and the leaves are 3-4 lobed and respond to light stimuli. Its fruit is a thin, five-compartment capsule, with a fleshy, spring-loaded outer coating that bursts open when ripe. The clover-like, patterned leaves are compound, with four leaflets, which are heart-shaped, broad, and wedge-shouldered.

Like many flowers, this small plant is known by several names. In addition to the common name Oxalis, it is also referred to as Good luck plant, Lucky clover, Good luck clover, Clover flower, Fortune flower, Ornamental clover.

At the end of summer or beginning of fall, it produces pink flowers with yellow throats. The flowers are arranged in umbrella-shaped clusters. In cloudy weather or at night, both leaves and flowers close up. It looks great in containers or window boxes. When planted in the ground, it makes a lovely border or rock garden plant.

Special mention goes to Oxalis tetraphylla 'Iron Cross'. Its leaves have a purplish center forming a cross. It grows in clusters and can reach 12 inches (30 cm) tall. Its flowers are red. It prefers sunny locations. Due to its similarity, Oxalis tetraphylla can be mistaken for the actual four-leaf clover.

The leaves and flowers of Oxalis can be eaten raw or cooked. The refreshing, lemony leaves are often used to flavor salads. However, consumption should be moderate, as the oxalic acid responsible for the sour taste can cause diarrhea or kidney problems in large quantities. It is not recommended to consume the plant during its flowering period.

Oxalis 'Iron Cross' Care

Oxalis 'Iron Cross' Care: it requires direct sunlight, a cool environment, and careful watering. However, it should be protected from the scorching summer sun. It prefers cool to average temperatures, so avoid conditions above 64 - 68 °F (18 - 20 °C). Water moderately during the growing season. You can also mist its leaves.

Light Requirements for Oxalis 'Iron Cross'

Oxalis thrives in bright locations but should be protected from excessive direct sunlight. It also develops well in partial shade. However, in overly dark environments, the plant may become leggy, and its leaves may fade.

Indoors, place it in or near a bright window where it receives a lot of light but no direct sun, such as an east- or west-facing window.

Temperature Requirements for Oxalis 'Iron Cross'

The ideal temperature for Oxalis is between 59 - 75 °F (15 - 24 °C). It grows best in cooler conditions. It is not frost-tolerant and should be protected when temperatures fall below 41 - 50 °F (5 - 10 °C). You can also transplant it into a pot and bring it indoors.

It tolerates minor temperature fluctuations but should be kept away from extreme cold (below 41 °F / 5 °C) or heat (above 86 °F / 30 °C).

In high temperatures and dry soil, Oxalis may retreat into dormancy by drawing back into its bulb.

Watering Needs for Oxalis 'Iron Cross'

Oxalis needs moderate watering. The soil should be kept slightly moist but not soggy. Allow the top layer of soil to dry out between waterings. Avoid letting the soil dry out completely, as prolonged dryness may trigger dormancy. Avoid overwatering, as this can cause bulb rot.

From spring to fall, during its active growing season, water it 2-3 times a week, unless the soil remains very moist—then water less frequently.

In winter dormancy, reduce watering to once per week. Monitor the soil: if it hasn’t dried out in a week, water even less.

In dry environments, such as heated rooms, occasional misting of the leaves may be needed to increase humidity.

Fertilizing Oxalis 'Iron Cross'

It's generally low in nutrient demand, though Oxalis grown in pots may benefit from occasional fertilizing. In spring and summer, feed every 2-3 weeks with a general-purpose houseplant fertilizer diluted according to label instructions. Reduce frequency in late summer and stop fertilizing entirely in fall and winter.

For plants grown outdoors, mix a small amount of compost or organic fertilizer into the soil. This provides enough nutrients for the entire growing season.

Fertilization can be done during its active growth phase. When the plant enters dormancy (flowers fade and leaves die back), gradually stop watering and fertilizing.

Wintering Oxalis 'Iron Cross'

Although Oxalis is a perennial plant, it unfortunately cannot tolerate the winter cold. It freezes at around 23 °F (-5 °C), so in the fall, dig up the bulbs and bring them indoors to a protected, frost-free location to overwinter, just like other bulbous plants.

During the winter, store them in a dry, frost-free place. In the spring, plant them 8 inches apart (20 cm). They can be used to border garden paths or flower beds and also look great planted in clusters among grass.

If you want four-leaf clovers in your home by December, plant a few small bulbs in a pot at the beginning of December. Place them in a bright, moderately warm spot with well-draining potting soil and keep the soil moderately moist until they sprout.

Planting and Repotting Oxalis 'Iron Cross'

The best time to plant Oxalis is in the spring. You can also plant them in the fall if you plan to grow them indoors during the winter, as this is when the plant enters dormancy. Choose a sunny or partially shaded location. The soil should be loose and well-draining. You can enrich it with compost, humus, or manure.

Whether planting in a pot or in the garden, plant the Oxalis bulbs 1 - 1.2 inches (2-3 cm) deep with the pointed end facing up. If planting multiple bulbs, leave at least 4 inches (10 cm) of space between them. Water the soil lightly after planting. You can use mulch to help retain moisture in the soil.

Propagating Oxalis 'Iron Cross'

Oxalis is propagated by bulbs and is sensitive to frost. When planted in a sunny spot, its decorative leaves appear within a few days, followed shortly by its flowers. The flowers are small but add a delicate decorative touch with their bright pink, five-petaled trumpet shape.

Propagating Oxalis by Dividing Bulbs

The most common propagation method is by dividing the bulbs (tubers). This is best done in the fall or early spring. Carefully remove the bulbs from the soil and separate them by hand. Each bulb should have roots and a healthy growing tip.

Plant the bulbs 1 - 1.2 inches (2-3 cm) deep in loose, well-draining soil. Place the pots in a bright location protected from direct sunlight. The new plants will sprout quickly.

Propagating Oxalis from Seeds

Although less common, Oxalis can also be propagated from seeds. After flowering, collect mature seeds or purchase seed packets. Sow the seeds in early spring. They germinate within 2-3 weeks at a temperature of 59 - 68 °F (15 - 20 °C).

Use very loose, well-draining soil. Scatter the seeds on the surface and cover them with a thin layer (0.2 inches / 0.5 cm) of soil. Keep the soil slightly moist. After sowing, place the pot in a bright spot protected from direct sunlight.

Oxalis 'Iron Cross' Diseases, Pests and Causes of Decline

Oxalis is relatively resistant to diseases. The most common problems arise from overwatering and frost.

Oxalis 'Iron Cross' Diseases

Overwatering can lead to root rot and bulb decay.

Powdery mildew appears as a white, powdery coating on the leaves. This fungal infection occurs in high humidity and poor ventilation. It can be treated with fungicides.

Gray mold appears as a fuzzy coating on leaves or stems and is also caused by humid, wet conditions. It can be treated with fungicide.

Though rare, viral infections can also occur, causing distorted leaves or stunted growth. Unfortunately, viral infections are incurable, and infected plants usually cannot be saved.

Oxalis 'Iron Cross' Pests

Flea beetles, aphids, scale insects, and spider mites may feed on the plant's sap. These can be removed with soapy water or insecticidal spray. Symptoms of their presence include yellowing, drying leaves, and stunted growth.

Environmental Stress and Improper Care of Oxalis 'Iron Cross'

Overwatering causes root and bulb rot, which is often irreversible. Water with care.

Being frost-sensitive, the bulbs can freeze if not brought indoors in time.

Nutrient deficiency can cause leaves to yellow or fade.

Is Oxalis 'Iron Cross' Toxic?

Oxalis and its relatives in the Oxalis genus can be mildly toxic. They contain oxalic acid, which in certain quantities can be harmful to both humans and animals.

In large amounts, it can be harmful and cause irritation, as it inhibits calcium absorption, potentially leading to calcium deficiency and kidney stones. In small quantities, it is generally not dangerous and even has a pleasantly tangy taste due to the oxalic acid. However, it should not be consumed in large amounts.

In children or pets, ingesting large quantities may cause vomiting, diarrhea, and in more severe cases, calcium deficiency. That said, significant and prolonged consumption would be required for serious effects.